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A Guide to Cyclic Fatigue Testing of Artificial Hip Implant Prostheses in accordance with ISO 7206-4, ISO 7206-6, ISO-7206-8 and ASTM F2068
A SUMMARY OF THE STANDARDS AND THE DYNAMIC TESTS INVOLVED
Implanted metal devices can often experience loosening within the host bone (proximal loosening) as a result of stress shielding. Stress shielding can be described as localized degradation in bone strength due to a decrease in physiological loading of certain areas because of the presence of the stiffer metal implant. As this can occur following even normal activity, Fatigue testing of hip implants is required to understand how abnormal loading profiles can arise and to evaluate endurance properties by simulating the dynamic loading of the implant during gait.
The ISO and ASTM standards have been established to test for both abnormal and normal fatigue loading.
ISO 7206-4: Simulates loading when proximal loosening has occurred. Loads are applied through the femoral head of the hip implant to induce compressive, bending and torsional stresses.
ISO 7206-6: Examines fatigue of the implant neck, which is more consistent with a correctly fixed implant subjected to normal in vivo loading.
ISO 7206-8: Specifies the endurance performance of the implant with the application of torsion.
ASTM F2068: “Standard Specification for Femoral Prostheses—Metallic Implants” describes hip implant specifications with reference to the ISO standards.
Implanted metal devices can often experience loosening within the host bone (proximal loosening) as a result of stress shielding. Stress shielding can be described as localized degradation in bone strength due to a decrease in physiological loading of certain areas because of the presence of the stiffer metal implant. As this can occur following even normal activity, Fatigue testing of hip implants is required to understand how abnormal loading profiles can arise and to evaluate endurance properties by simulating the dynamic loading of the implant during gait.
The ISO and ASTM standards have been established to test for both abnormal and normal fatigue loading.
ISO 7206-4: Simulates loading when proximal loosening has occurred. Loads are applied through the femoral head of the hip implant to induce compressive, bending and torsional stresses.
ISO 7206-6: Examines fatigue of the implant neck, which is more consistent with a correctly fixed implant subjected to normal in vivo loading.
ISO 7206-8: Specifies the endurance performance of the implant with the application of torsion.
ASTM F2068: “Standard Specification for Femoral Prostheses—Metallic Implants” describes hip implant specifications with reference to the ISO standards.
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